结壳的形成与海山的形态、基质有关,海山的形态要素主要包括海山坡度、海山表面平整度。结合自然界的自相似性分布特点,海山平顶的边沿、山脊,以及平顶山上或山坡上较大的凸起裸露基质均是结壳生长的优选位置。前人研究表明,结壳的生长与山体坡度有密切关系。因此,在海山形态上要考虑的成因要素主要有海山微地貌和坡度。对于海山基质特征,要根据现场采集基岩样品分析和判断,有孔或疏松的风化严重的基质有利于结壳的形成,硬质的、 The formation of crusts is related to the shape and matrix of seamounts, the seamounts of seamounts mainly include the seamount gradient and seamount surface roughness. Based on the self-similarity distribution in nature, the edges and ridges of the seamounts, and the large raised bare substrates on the tops of hills or slopes are the preferred sites for crust growth. Previous studies have shown that the growth of crusts is closely related to the slope of the mountain. Therefore, the seamount morphology to be considered on the main elements of seamount micro-topography and slope. For seamount matrix characteristics, according to the site to collect samples of bedrock analysis and judgment, weathered or loosely weathered matrix is ​​conducive to the formation of crusts, hard,