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In the recent three decades,microfluidic chips have attracted a wide spread attention and have been extensively applied in the fields of chemistry,biology,tissue engineering,biomedicine,environmental monitoring,and nanotechnology owing to their intrinsic characteristics of miniaturization,integration,portability,and automation.Due to their high level integration,microfluidic chips are so heavily favored in biomedicine,which can perform sophisticated multistep biochemical assays within a single device,allowing for real sample-in–answer-out analysis of complicated biological samples such as whole blood,saliva,and body fluids.However,proteins from complicated biological samples strongly interact with the channel wall of microfluidic chips,leading to surface biofouling and great decrease in device performance.Therefore,a thorough understanding of how proteins interact strongly with a solid surface is necessary to address nonspecific protein adsorption in microfluidic chips.