Objective: To explore HMGN5 gene expression and its significance, and the different expression of HMGN5 gene in all the subtypes of non small cell lung cancer.Methods :The expression of HMGN5 gene from non small cell lung cancer and control group were detected with realtime polymerase chain reaction.Results : Realtime-PCR results showed that expression levels of the lung cancer tissue (5.72 ± 0.42) was significantly higher than in adjacent tissue (1.01 ± 0.47); The expression of HMGN5 gene has statistical difference in the two groups (P<0.05).The expression of HMGN5 gene in the adenocarcinomas (AC) was much higher than squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (P<0.05) ; There is no significant difference between the moderate and the severe subtypes.Conclusions: HMGN5 was expressed highly in non small cell lung cancer ; This research established the basis on further functional assay in non small lung cancer.