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目的分析零食消费种类与儿童肥胖及代谢指标异常率间的关系.为制定相应的干预措施提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样法从哈尔滨等6城市抽取6-13岁小学生7007名,使用问卷调查收集他们的年龄、性别、家庭经济情况和零食消费情况等信息,按照标准程序测量身高、体重、腰围、血压,采用晨起空腹血测定血糖、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯等指标。结果常吃“可经常食用”、“适当食用”、“限量食用”三类零食的儿童肥胖率[比值比(OR),95%可信区间(Cl)]依次为9.3%(参照组)、10.2%(1.09,0.88-1.35)、11.8%(1.25,1.05-1.50);腹型肥胖率(0R,95%CI)依次为:13.3%(参照组)、14.8%(1.14,0.95-1.37)、15.8%(1.25,1.07-1.46);高甘油三酯血症率(OR,95%CI)依次为:3.4%(参照组)、3.9%(1.13,0.81-1.58)、4.6%(1.34,1.02-1.77),调整年龄、性别、生体重、出生4个月内喂养方式、父母文化程度、家庭人收入等混杂因素后,肥胖、腹型肥胖、高甘油三酯血症率各组间仍有显著差异。结论经常吃不健康零食会增加儿惠肥胖及代谢异常的风险,选择蔬菜、水果、奶及奶制品豆及豆制品等食物作为零食有益于健康,对儿童进行营养康教育具有重要意义。
Objective To analyze the relationship between types of snack foods and obesity and metabolic abnormalities in children, and provide the basis for formulating the corresponding interventions. Methods A total of 7007 primary school students aged 6-13 were collected from 6 cities in Harbin using random cluster sampling method. The questionnaires were used to collect information such as their age, sex, family economic status and snack consumption, and the height, weight, waist circumference , Blood pressure, morning fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride and other indicators. Results The prevalence of obesity (odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI)] of children eating three kinds of snacks, including “regular consumption”, “proper consumption” and “limited consumption” (Reference group), 10.2% (1.09,0.88-1.35) and 11.8% (1.25,1.05-1.50) respectively. The rates of abdominal obesity (0R, 95% CI) were 13.3% (OR, 95% CI) were 3.4% (reference group), 3.9% (1.13, 0.81-1.58) , 4.6% (1.34,1.02-1.77) respectively. After adjustment for age, sex, birth weight, confounding factors such as feeding pattern, parents’ education and family income within 4 months of birth, obesity, abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridaemia There were still significant differences among the groups in the rate of disease. Conclusion Regular eating unhealthy snacks will increase the risk of obesity and metabolic abnormalities. Choosing vegetables, fruits, milk and dairy products as bean products and bean products is beneficial to health as a snack, and it is of great significance for children to carry out nutrition and health education.