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为了解营养素摄入与糖尿病患病的关系,用24h 回顾法对现况调查中的295名研究对象(糖尿病27人、糖耐量减低13人、糖耐量正常255人)进行三日膳食调查,通过比较糖尿病组与糖耐量正常组各营养素的日平均摄入量发现:脂肪、维生素 A、维生素 E、钠、镁在糖耐量正常组显著高于糖尿病组(P<0.05);用非条件 logistic 回归调整年龄、性别、体质指数和职业性体力活动强度对营养素摄入量的影响后显示:蛋白质和铜摄入量高(平均摄入量分别为≥64.52g 和≥1.83mg)可能是糖尿病的独立危险因子,其 OR 值(95% CI)分别为5.06(1.60～16.01)和4.42(1.43～13.65);维生素 E、铁、锰摄入量高(日平均摄入量分别为≥38.42 mg、≥25.17mg 和≥6.62mg)可能是糖尿病的独立保护因子,其 OR 值(95% CI)分别为0.16(0.04～0.56)、0.28(0.10～0.84)和0.41(0.16～1.05)。结论:营养素摄入与糖尿病患病有关,限制蛋白质和增加维生素 E 摄入有可能预防糖尿病。
To understand the relationship between nutrient intake and diabetes mellitus, 295 study subjects (27 with diabetes, 13 with impaired glucose tolerance and 255 with normal glucose tolerance) were enrolled in a 24-hour retrospective review of the three-day diet, The average daily intakes of various nutrients in diabetic group and normal glucose tolerance group were significantly higher than those in diabetic group (P <0.05). The results showed that fat, vitamin A, vitamin E, sodium and magnesium in normal glucose tolerance group were significantly higher than those in normal glucose tolerance group Adjusting the effect of age, sex, body mass index and occupational physical activity intensity on nutrient intakes showed that high intake of protein and copper (average intake ≥64.52g and ≥1.83mg, respectively) may be independent of diabetes Risk factors, the OR values (95% CI) were 5.06 (1.60-16.01) and 4.42 (1.43-13.65), respectively. The intake of vitamin E, iron and manganese was high (average daily intake was 38.42 mg, 25.17 mg and ≥6.62 mg) were probably independent protective factors for diabetes with OR (95% CI) of 0.16 (0.04-0.56), 0.28 (0.10-0.84) and 0.41 (0.16-1.05), respectively. Conclusion: The intake of nutrients is related to the prevalence of diabetes. Limiting the protein and increasing vitamin E intake may prevent diabetes.