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清民之际,随着西学输入中国,中西学术体系的兼容成为摆在知识分子面前的迫切问题,不同学者由此做出不同选择。在西方“纯文学”史观逐渐开始流行的20世纪初期,章太炎、刘师培两位学者的“文学”观,均建立在对中国传统“文学”概念予以阐发的基础之上,而又表现出不同的取向:章太炎的“文学”观以中国古典义为核心,刘师培的“文学”用例则兼取古典义和西义。本文通过厘析二人的“文学”观,展现早期中国学者在近代转型进程中处理传统与西方文学观念差异时所持的态度,及其对后世文学史书写的启示意义。
With the introduction of Western learning into China and the compatibility of Chinese and Western academic systems, Qing Dynasty became an urgent problem facing intellectuals. Different scholars made different choices. In the early 20th century when the concept of history of pure literature in the West began to popularize, the concepts of “literature” by Zhang Taiyan and Liu Shipei were based on the analysis of the Chinese traditional concept of “literature” , But they also show different orientations: Zhang Taiyan’s view of “literature” is centered on Chinese classical righteousness, and Liu Shipei’s “literary” use cases are both classical and western. By analyzing the “” literature ’s view of the two, this paper shows the attitude of early Chinese scholars in dealing with the differences between traditional and western literary concepts in the process of modern transformation and their implications for the writing of later literary history.