工程界为提高加工精度进行了大量的研究,获取了许多有益的成就,得出的提高加工精度的基本途径可概括为:基于加工系统各个要素本身的精度的提高;基于加工系统附加的校正装置(或系统)的误差补偿。这两条对立的途径现在仍在持续地发展和广为奉行。笔者在近年的实践中,领悟到还有另一途径,即借助于诊断手段识别存在于加工系统中的原始误差主源,然后稍作干预,实现加工精度的提高。这是一条省时、省力、低成本和行之有效的新途径,可用于产品开发、加工过程中监控和设备维修等领域。机械加工精度内含形状精度、位置精度和尺寸精度。三项中的每项又包含着若干子项。加工精度所涉及的领域,是个宽广而复杂的精度要求系统,另一方面,加工误差是工艺原始误差影响的集合,工艺系统 The engineering community has done a lot of research to improve machining accuracy and obtained many beneficial achievements. The basic approaches to improve machining accuracy can be summed up as follows: based on the improvement of the accuracy of the various elements of the machining system; based on the additional correction device (Or system) error compensation. The two opposing routes are still being continuously developed and widely pursued. In recent years, the author has realized that there is another way to diagnose the main source of original errors existing in the processing system by means of diagnosis, and then make a slight intervention to improve the processing accuracy. This is a time-saving, labor-saving, low-cost and proven new avenue for product development, process monitoring and equipment maintenance. Machining accuracy includes shape accuracy, position accuracy and dimensional accuracy. Each of the three items contains a number of sub-items. Processing accuracy involved in the field, is a broad and complex system of precision requirements, on the other hand, the processing error is the original set of errors in the process, the process system