Solar energy is a green renewable energy , its application prospects, but the impact of the external environment on the output characteristics of the photovoltaic cells is relatively large, resulting in the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells is relatively low. Currently , an important direction for research PV photovoltaic technology is how to maximize the output power of the photovoltaic cell . In order to make the PV array maximum power output, the output power and high-quality sine wave into the grid , to reduce pollution on the grid , you need photovoltaic grid inverters for photovoltaic array operating point adjustment , and power conversion input grid. The main contents and results are as follows: ⑴for solar photovoltaic systems are analyzed briefly the components of photovoltaic systems , also describes the development of photovoltaic industry at home and abroad . Study the solar photovoltaic cells, in a changing external environment, strongly non-linear output characteristics of solar cells on its analysis caused some difficulties. So to build a photovoltaic cell research suitable for a mathematical model . The simulation analysis, the non-linear relationship between the photovoltaic cell current, voltage, power between lay a theoretical foundation for the full text of research . ⑵describes the photovoltaic grid inverters. Inverter definition , classification and topology briefly introduced . Then focuses on the photovoltaic inverter and network control strategy. Grid current control strategy for a detailed study to build a MATLAB model , the simulation to achieve the desired effect , and to achieve a synchronous network voltages and currents. ⑶describes the maximum power point tracking , including the constant voltage method , perturbation and observation method , incremental conductance method, a fixed parameter method , the actual measurement, the current scanning method , adaptive fuzzy control method. And constant voltage method , perturbation and observation method , the MATLAB simulation , disturbance observation of environmental change in larger areas prone to" false positives " phenomenon. To solve this problem , this paper has been improved perturbation and observation method , and gives an improved perturbation and observation method flowchart and MATLAB simulation model. Detailed analysis of these maximum power point tracking control method , the simulation results and analyze contrast , ultimately proves the method can quickly close to the maximum power point , achieve the desired results .