To improve the research ability in aeronautics, there are strategic significance in designing the safety and adaptable arc heater with perfect control and reiteration performance. Based on the power supply system of 63MW high voltage, high power arc heater for reentry environment simulation, which is the biggest in China and the fourth in the world, the research works are focused on the power supply system of high voltage, high power arc heater. The dissertation includes the main works as follows:The distribution of working points is researched and the scheme of high voltage, high power multi-ply bridges and phase-shifted thyristor power supply with 63MW rating output is developed. It is combined by two phase-shifted rectifier power supplies and each power supply is realized by three multi-ply bridges units in series, which has three series converter bridges. The developed power supply system has the max 36 pulses output, flexible modes, fast responsibility, high redundancy and minimal pollution to grid line. With the stable digital control system based on SIMADYN D controller and the safety photoelectrical trigger circuit with fiber, it is effective in satisfying the requirement such as safety, fast responsibility, accuracy, repeatability, high efficiency and adaptability and automation by arc heater system. Best modes of the working states of arc heater are developed by calculation and simulation. The most important parameters are researched and designed.Based on the analysis of characteristic match of system, distributions and conditions of arc stability in arc heater, a new series-wound nonlinear correction and forecast complex control strategy with feed-forward and nonlinear feed-back is developed to improve the static and dynamic quality of system. Feed-forward control is realized by calculating the numeric nonlinear model off-line, which can quicken the voltage building during the getting up of arc and guarantee the exact control of arc heater in absence of external disturbance. Feedback control with nonlinear function of error can match the arc characteristic and resist or eliminate possible disturbance in operation. Also it can guarantee the arc stability and improve the robustness against the load uncertainty. Configuration and complement of the 63MW high voltage, high power multi-ply bridges and phase-shifted thyristor power supply system is researched. A new epitaxy delta phase-shifted tripantisan transformer with several merits such as coherence, robust to over-shoot, high iron utilization, flexibility, is developed to adapt for the scheme of multi-ply bridges with arc load. Smoothing reactor without iron core is developed to apply in power supply of arc heater system from function, cost and field, which can avoid the saturation of iron core. Effective design of converter cabinet and etc, whole digital control system consisted of SIMADYN D controller, PLC and operate system, photoelectrical trigger system with fiber of high voltage thyristor complete the system function and improve the robustness and EMC.The main influences on arc establishment process are discovered during the test. Based on it the key parameters in design and control to assure the arc establishment are developed. Also the restriction relationships from arc establishment to arc stability are proposed, which are useful to arc heater with power supply applying thyristor. The experimental results of constant state and variable state by Huels arc heater and segmented arc heater are provided to verify the vitality and good benefit of the proposed scheme, control strategy and design. The max power records of our aerospace simulation tests are created, which improves our ability in aerospace simulation test.