This study was designed to evaluate follicular survival and growth after short-term transplantation of cryopreserved and fresh human fetal ovarian tissue to immunodefficient mice.　　Two sets of transplantation were performed.A total of nine mice of strain Balb/c-nu divided into two groups-GROUP 1 and GROUP 2.Group 1 consist of five mice and group 2 consist of four mice.The first set of transplantation was done on the group 1 mice and all five nude mice in the group were subcutaneously transplanted with frozen–thawed human fetal ovarian tissue.The second set of transplantation was done on group 2 mice and all four mice were transplanted with fresh ovarian tissue.Two weeks after the subcutaneous transplantation of the ovarian tissue into the nude mice,the animals were killed and the grafted tissue removed.The extent of graft survival,as well as its histological and morphological changes were analysed by microscopy after Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining.Human adult and fetal ovarian tissue were also compared by immunohistochemistry staining using anti-HLA-DR antibody for the extent of expression of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II antigen HLA-DR.　　Our results demonstrate human fetal ovarian follicular survival after the two–week grafting period in the mice transplanted with fresh ovarian tissue;extensive necrosis and fibrosis in the cryopreserved transplanted tissues.The expression of HLA-DR was higher in the adult ovarian tissue than the fetal ovarian tissue.　　In conclusion,there is successful follicular survival in the short term after xenografting of human fetal ovarian tissue to immunodefficient mice.The human fetal ovarian tissue has a greater ovarian follicular reserve with less immunogenicity and lesser cellular rejection potential compared to adult ovarian tissue.