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随着港口信息化建设的推进,积累了大量来源多样、结构各异的海事大数据,为了解港口城市的生产力和区域经济发展水平提供了新的契机。本文综合介绍了作者近期关于如何利用海事大数据进行港口感知计算的工作,给出了一个基于海事大数据的港口感知计算框架,利用船舶GPS轨迹、船舶属性、港口地理信息和港口设施参数等多源异构海事大数据,估算出一系列反映港口生产力的指标,从而对港口进行综合评价和比较。首先,利用船舶轨迹和港口地理信息数据,自动检测船舶在港口码头中的靠泊装卸事件;然后,利用船舶属性和港口设施数据,自动估计出每次靠泊装卸事件的货物吞吐量;最后,对各个港口码头的靠泊船数和货物吞吐量进行统计,从而计算出一系列港口生产力指标,包括到港船数、货物吞吐量、码头作业效率和泊位利用率等。在2011年的海事大数据上的实验结果表明,本框架能准确地估算出上述港口生产力指标。同时,以香港为例对上述港口的生产力指标进行分析,探讨基于海事大数据的港口感知计算框架在提高港口生产效率、优化海运航线中的积极作用。
With the construction of port informatization, a large number of maritime big data with diverse sources and different structures have been accumulated, providing a new opportunity for understanding the productivity of port cities and the level of regional economic development. This paper presents an overview of the author’s recent work on how to use maritime big data to calculate harbor perception. A framework for calculating harbor perception based on maritime big data is given. The ship’s GPS trajectory, ship’s attributes, port geographic information and port facility parameters Source Heterogeneous maritime data to estimate a series of indicators reflect the port productivity, so as to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the port and comparison. First of all, using the ship’s track and port geographic information data to automatically detect the berthing load and unload incidents of ships in port terminals; then, using the ship’s attributes and port facility data, the cargo throughput of each loading and unloading event is automatically estimated; finally, To count the number of berthing vessels and cargo throughput at various port terminals, a series of port productivity indicators including the number of arrivals to port, cargo throughput, wharf operating efficiency and berth utilization rate were calculated. The experimental results on the 2011 maritime big data show that the framework can accurately estimate the above port productivity indicators. At the same time, taking Hong Kong as an example, this paper analyzes the productivity indicators of the above ports and discusses the positive impact of the harbor perceived computing framework based on maritime big data in improving port production efficiency and optimizing shipping routes.