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本文主要从“东方-西方”、“集权-分权”、“资产阶级国家-无产阶级专政国家”等维度研究马克思、恩格斯“中央集权制”思想,并据此进行当代性思考。在马克思、恩格斯的理论视阈中,东西方不同社会条件下的中央集权制虽有着不同的制度内涵和发展路径,但都共同体现了国家所具有的本质特征。集权制作为“国家的本质”需要与一定的分权制组合使用来克服自身制度的不足,而无产阶级专政国家“中央集权制”则为实现二者的有机统一提供了现实可能。
This paper mainly studies Marx’s and Engels’s theory of “centralized power system” from the perspectives of “Eastern-Western”, “Centralization-decentralization”, “Bourgeois state-Proletarian dictatorship” Conduct contemporary thinking. In the theoretical perspective of Marx and Engels, the centralization of state power system under different social conditions in east and west have different system connotation and development path, but all reflect the essential characteristics of the state. Centralization of power as “the essence of state ” needs to be combined with a certain decentralization system to overcome its own system deficiencies, while the proletarian dictatorship “centralization system ” provides realistic possibility for the realization of the organic unity of the two .