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中国商务部在4起经营者集中附条件案中适用了长期分持这种特殊的条件。长期分持与那些适用结构性条件案件中所使用的临时分持非常类似,但又具有实质性区别。前者可以归入独立的行为性条件类型,后者是确保条件有效实施的配套义务;前者适用时间长,后者适用时间短;前者适用对象是拥有竞争力的独立业务单位,后者适用对象可能是独立业务单位,也可能是零散型的有形、无形资产;前者功能更为积极,确保被分持对象在市场上作为有效的竞争力量提供竞争约束,后者功能相对消极,确保过渡期内待剥离资产或业务的竞争力不受贬损。长期分持在实施过程中面临很大的挑战,特别是其可执行性和可监督性较弱。中国商务部在日后的案件中应该非常审慎地适用这类条件。今后的长期分持案件中,商务部应进一步提升决定文书以及相关信息的透明度,并应该高度重视长期分持的复审。
The Ministry of Commerce of China applied this special condition for a long time in the case of four concentration of business operators. Long-term shareholdings are very similar, but substantive, to those used in the case of structurally ill-advised cases. The former can be classified as an independent type of behavioral conditions, the latter is to support the effective implementation of the conditions of the matching obligations; the former applies for a long time, the latter applies for a short period of time; the former applies to competitive independent business units, the latter may apply to the object may Is an independent business unit, may also be fragmented physical and intangible assets; the former function more active, to ensure that the object is divided in the market as an effective competitive force to provide competitive constraints, the latter function is relatively negative, to ensure that the transitional period of stay The ability to divest assets or businesses is not derogatory. Long-term shareholding faces great challenges in the implementation process, especially its enforceability and weak supervision. China’s Ministry of Commerce should apply such conditions very carefully in future cases. In the future long-term shareholding cases, MOFCOM shall further enhance the transparency of decision instruments and relevant information and attach great importance to the review of long-term shareholding.