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目的探讨机械通气并发呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的危险因素,采取相应的措施进行护理,以预防和减少VAP的发生。方法分析183例机械通气患者并发VAP的相关危险因素。结果机体免疫力低下、咽喉部痰液滞留及误吸、年龄、人工气道的建立、呼吸机相关装置消毒不合格、机械通气时间过长、呼吸机管道污染等与VAP的发生密切相关;VAP的发生率随机械通气时间的延长而有增加的趋势。结论加强人工气道及ICU病区的管理、强化医护人员的培训、做好口腔护理、合理的营养支持、及时的心理护理等措施对预防和减少VAP的发生有重要作用。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of ventilator - associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients with mechanical ventilation and take corresponding measures to prevent and reduce the occurrence of VAP. Methods 183 cases of mechanical ventilation patients with VAP associated risk factors. Results VAP was closely related to the low immunity, laryngeal sputum retention and aspiration, age, establishment of artificial airway, unqualified disinfection of ventilator-related devices, long time of mechanical ventilation and contamination of ventilator pipeline. VAP The incidence of mechanical ventilation with the extension of the trend has increased. Conclusion Strengthening the management of artificial airway and ICU ward, strengthening the training of medical staff, good oral care, reasonable nutritional support, timely psychological care and other measures play an important role in preventing and reducing the occurrence of VAP.