清末民初是中国从中央集权的君主专制向基于民主、自由的现代社会转变的重要历史时期。其政治、经济、文化、思想、社会结构、人民生活方式都经历了从传统走向现代的剧变。笔者以中国休假制度的更迭为切入点,分析其从局部到全面转变背后休闲文化的嬗变。同时,将休假制度纳入休闲学视野考量,即是搭建中国休假制度休闲学研究的历史平台,也为复兴和改革中国传统休闲文化提供历史源流。 The end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China were the important historical periods from the monarchy of centralized state to the modern society based on democracy and freedom. Its political, economic, cultural, ideological, social structure and people’s lifestyle have undergone drastic changes from traditional to modern ones. The author takes the change of China’s vacation system as an entry point and analyzes the evolution of the leisure culture behind it from partial to comprehensive transformation. At the same time, taking the leave system into consideration in the field of leisure studies is the historical platform for the study of leisure in China’s vacation system and also for the historical rejuvenation and reform of China’s traditional leisure culture.