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目的:阐明局部应用雌激素对雌性大鼠老化皮肤的影响,并初步探讨其相关分子机制,为预防和治疗皮肤老化提供理论依据。方法:选取30只成熟的雌性SD大鼠,随机分为3组:空白对照组(假手术,背部皮肤用甘油)、去势对照组(行去势手术,背部皮肤用甘油);去势E3组(行去势手术,局部皮肤涂抹甘油+雌三醇软膏)。用药12周后处死大鼠,取背部皮肤,一部分常规形HE染色,采用图像分析软件检测皮肤厚度的变化;另一部分采用实时定量PCR技术检测皮肤胶原Ⅰ、Ⅲ型及转化生长因子(TGF-β)mRNA的变化。同时尾部采血2 ml,采用免疫酶联法检测血清雌二醇的浓度。结果:去势E3组皮肤比去势对照组厚,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而与空白对照组皮肤厚度比较,则差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。去势E3组Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原mRNA、TGF-βmRNA的表达比去势对照组增加(P<0.05),Ⅲ/Ⅰ值高于去势对照组(P<0.01)。TGF-βmRNA的表达与Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原mRNA的表达呈高度正相关(分别r=0.951,r=0.981,均P<0.01)。结论:局部应用雌雌激素可通过TGF-β实现对胶原合成和代谢的调节,增加Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原mRNA的表达,并且可逆转Ⅲ/Ⅰ值下降,增加皮肤的厚度,部分逆转皮肤的衰老,预防和治疗皮肤老化。
OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the effect of topical application of estrogen on aging skin of female rats, and to explore its underlying molecular mechanisms to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of skin aging. Methods: Thirty mature female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: blank control group (sham operation, glycerin on the back of the skin), castration control group (castration surgery, glycerin on the back of the skin), castrated E3 Group (line castration surgery, local skin smear glycerol + estriol ointment). The rats were sacrificed 12 weeks after treatment, the back of the skin, some conventional HE staining, the use of image analysis software to detect changes in skin thickness; the other part of real-time quantitative PCR detection of collagen type Ⅰ, Ⅲ and transforming growth factor ) mRNA changes. At the same time tail blood 2 ml, the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay serum estradiol concentrations. Results: The skin of castrated E3 group was thicker than that of castrated control group (P <0.05), while there was no significant difference compared with that of blank control group (P> 0.05). The expression of collagen type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen mRNA and TGF-βmRNA in ovariectomized E3 group was higher than that in control group (P <0.05), and the ratio of Ⅲ / Ⅰ was higher than that in control group (P <0.01). The expression of TGF-βmRNA was positively correlated with the mRNA expression of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen (r = 0.951, r = 0.981, all P <0.01). CONCLUSION: Topical application of estrogen can regulate the synthesis and metabolism of collagen via TGF-β, increase the expression of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen mRNA, and reverse the decrease of Ⅲ / Ⅰ, increase the thickness of skin and partially reverse the aging of skin , Prevention and treatment of skin aging.