我国自1970年8月3日启动管道运输以来,东北、环渤海、陕京、兰成渝等多条油气管道相继建成投入使用,西气东输、俄气东送、中亚、中缅等建设项目更是影响深远的国家长期重大项目,直接影响着中国数亿人的生活起居。长途油气管道多分布在荒郊野外等无人留守的地方,易受到外界人为破坏和突发性自然灾害(如地震、滑坡等)的破坏,发生管道断裂和油气泄漏事故。由于油气管道具有高温、高压、易燃和易爆的特点,一旦发生泄漏,不仅使管道停输,而且严重污染环境,给当地人民生命财产带来严重威胁,如果引发泄漏油气的燃烧、爆炸,后果不堪设想。 Since the start of pipeline transportation in China on August 3, 1970, a number of oil and gas pipelines in the northeast, the Bohai Rim, Shaanxi and Beijing, Lan Chengyu and other oil and gas pipelines have been put into use one after another, and have been put into use one after another in the east, east-west, east- Construction projects are far-reaching long-term major projects in China, which have a direct impact on the daily life of hundreds of millions of Chinese people. Long-distance oil and gas pipelines are mostly located in wilderness areas and other unmanned places, vulnerable to external man-made damage and sudden natural disasters (such as earthquakes, landslides, etc.) of the destruction occurred pipeline rupture and oil and gas leaks. Due to the high temperature, high pressure, flammable and explosive characteristics of oil and gas pipelines, once a leak occurs, it not only stops the pipeline but also seriously pollutes the environment, posing a serious threat to the life and property of local people. If the oil and gas leaks cause combustion and explosion, The consequences could be disastrous.