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目的了解成都市中小学生食盐摄入相关知识认知、态度及行为情况,为在学生中开展控制高盐饮食健康教育及采取干预措施提供参考。方法采样多阶段整群抽样方法,随机选取成都市2个城区和1个近郊区,每个区各选择1所小学、1所初中和1所高中,共对9所学校2 892名中小学生进行问卷调查。结果中小学生对“每人每天吃盐不宜超过6 g”知晓率仅为37.3%,不同学段间差异有统计学意义(χ2=58.328,P<0.05)。仅3.0%的学生能全部辨认出5种高钠调味品,0.9%的学生能辨别全部隐形盐的食品。52.2%的调查对象听说过控盐勺,14.7%的调查对象外出就餐时会要求把饭菜做的清淡些,21.1%的调查对象会主动购买含盐低的食物,18.8%的调查对象会根据营养成分表(营养标签)来挑选食物。结论成都市中小学生盐相关知识认知及行为情况均较差。应在中小学生中有针对性地开展低盐饮食相关健康教育,树立健康饮食观念,培养其科学饮食习惯。
Objective To understand the cognition, attitude and behavior of salt intake among primary and middle school students in Chengdu, and to provide reference for students to carry out health education on high salt diet and to take intervention measures. Methods Sampling multistage cluster sampling method, randomly selected 2 urban areas and 1 suburban area in Chengdu, each selected a primary school, a junior high school and a high school, a total of 2 892 primary and secondary students in 9 schools Questionnaire. Results Primary and secondary school students to “eat salt per person per day should not exceed 6 g ” awareness rate was only 37.3%, the difference between the different sections was statistically significant (χ2 = 58.328, P <0.05). Only 3.0% of students can fully identify five kinds of high-sodium condiments, 0.9% of students can identify all invisible salt foods. 52.2% of the respondents heard that control salt spoon, 14.7% of the respondents will require meals to go out to do more light, 21.1% of the respondents will take the initiative to buy low salt foods, 18.8% of the respondents will be based on Nutrition Facts Table (nutrition label) to pick food. Conclusion The knowledge and behavior of salt-related knowledge among primary and secondary school students in Chengdu are poor. Should be targeted at primary and secondary students in low-salt diet-related health education, establish a healthy diet concept, develop their scientific diet.