贵州地方僻处中国西南,是多民族杂居区,长期以来,被历代封建统治阶级视为“高山密林,草树丛密,夏多露雨,地气蒸郁,蛇虺蚊忙之毒随处而有。人入其境,不服水土则生疫,所以功多不就。”故而不予重视。直到元代,贵州仍被视为边远的“酋蛮”之地。就在这片土地上,竟有着大大小小300余个土司。虽然他们分属于云南、四川、湖广三行省管辖,但各级土司在其辖区内,“世有其土,世长其民。”具有世袭的政治特权和经济特权,象宣慰使、宣抚使、安抚使、长官这类大土司,在其辖地内,不但管理民政,还掌握军事,并拥有独立的司法权,有自己的衙 Guizhou Province is located in the southwestern part of China. It is a multi-ethnic mixed-use area. For a long time, it has been regarded by the feudal ruling class as “mountain jungle, grass bushes, summer rain, People into the territory, not convinced of water and soil disease, so there is more work. ”Therefore, it should not be taken seriously. Until the Yuan Dynasty, Guizhou was still regarded as the land of remote “Emirates”. Just in this land, there are actually more than 300 toasters. Although they belong to the jurisdiction of the three provinces of Yunnan, Sichuan and Hunan, Hubei and Guangxi, the chieftains at all levels have their hereditary political privileges and economic privileges in their jurisdictions. In the jurisdiction of its chief place, the chieftains such as the governor and the governor not only manage the civil affairs but also the military and hold an independent judicial power. They have their own government