中国是矿业大国,每年选矿产生的尾矿约3亿t,除小部分作为矿山充填或综合利用外,绝大部分要堆存于尾矿库(朱君星,2009)。目前已形成一定规模的尾矿库约1500余座,大多安全度水平低,一旦溃坝,将严重影响下游生活区及工矿企业、重要设施的安全,造成人民生命和财产的重大损失。大坝溃决分析,模拟洪水在河道的 China is a large mining country with about 300 million tons of tailings produced annually. Most of the tailings are stored in tailings ponds except for a small part of them for filling or comprehensive utilization of mines (Zhu Junxing, 2009). At present, about 1,500 tailings reservoirs of a certain scale have been formed, most of which are of low safety level. Once the dam is breached, the safety of downstream living quarters, industrial and mining enterprises and important facilities will be seriously affected, causing heavy losses to people’s lives and property. Dam collapse analysis, simulating flood in the river