目的探讨小儿支原体肺炎静滴阿奇霉素过程中胃肠道不良反应的预防及护理措施。方法应用阿奇霉素治疗的支原体肺炎患儿168例为观察对象,将实施针对胃肠道不良反应的预防性护理干预的102例作为干预组,其余未实施针对性护理干预的66例患儿作为对照组。护理干预措施主要包括用药前进食、口服蒙脱石散、与维生素B6同时配伍静滴、严密观察、及时处置等。对比分析两组患儿胃肠道不良反应的发生率。结果干预组胃肠道不良反应为5.90%,显著低于对照组的27.35%(χ2=14.973,P<0.01)。干预组给予对症处理后症状均消失或缓解,不影响继续用药。对照组6例患儿因症状严重且对症处理后不能缓解而被迫停用。结论避免空腹用药、用药前口服蒙脱石散、与维生素B6配伍同时滴注等干预措施,可减少阿奇霉素对支原体肺炎患儿的胃肠道不良反应。 Objective To investigate the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal adverse reactions during intravenous azithromycin infusion in children with mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods A total of 168 children with mycoplasma pneumonia treated with azithromycin were enrolled in the study. 102 cases of preventive nursing interventions for adverse reactions of gastrointestinal tract were taken as intervention group, and 66 cases of other children who did not receive specific nursing intervention were used as control group . Nursing interventions include medication before eating, oral montmorillonite powder, and vitamin B6 compatibility intravenous infusion, close observation, timely disposal. The incidence of gastrointestinal adverse reactions in both groups was compared and analyzed. Results The gastrointestinal adverse reactions in the intervention group were 5.90%, significantly lower than those in the control group (27.35%, χ2 = 14.973, P <0.01). Intervention group to symptomatic treatment symptoms disappeared or relieved, does not affect the continued medication. Six patients in the control group were discontinued due to the severe symptoms and their inability to relieve symptomatic treatment. Conclusion Avoid fasting medication, oral administration of montmorillonite powder before treatment, and vitamin B6 compatibility infusion at the same time and other interventions can reduce azithromycin in children with mycoplasma pneumonia in children with gastrointestinal adverse reactions.