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目的对张家港市乙型病毒性肝炎(简称乙肝)流行特征进行分析,为制定乙肝防控策略提供科学依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对2005-2016年张家港市乙肝疫情资料进行分析。结果 2005-2016年共报告乙肝病例2 697例,年均报告发病率为14.68/10万;男性多于女性,男女性别比为2.66:1;发病无明显的季节性;发病年龄以20~59岁为主,占发病总数的86.91%,15岁以下发病率最低(0.51/10万);农民发病数最多,占总病例数的43.64%;抗-HBcIgM1∶1 000检测阳性率为59.35%。结论张家港市乙肝发病率呈下降趋势,15岁以下年龄组乙肝疫苗接种成效明显。建议进一步加强20~59岁组重点人群的乙肝防治,开展健康宣教和乙肝疫苗的接种;加强医务人员培训,全面开展抗-HBcIgM1∶1 000抗体检测,提高诊疗水平。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in Zhangjiagang City and provide a scientific basis for the development of hepatitis B prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological data of hepatitis B in Zhangjiagang from 2005 to 2016. Results A total of 2 697 cases of hepatitis B were reported from 2005 to 2016, with an average annual incidence rate of 14.68 / 100 000. There were more males than females, with a sex ratio of 2.66: 1. There was no obvious seasonal incidence and the age of onset was 20-59 The prevalence rate of anti-HBcIgM1: 1000 was 59.35%. The prevalence rate of anti-HBcIgM1: 1000 was the highest, accounting for 86.91% of the total number of cases and the lowest incidence rate was less than 15 years (0.51 / 100,000). The incidence of peasants was the highest, accounting for 43.64% of the total cases. Conclusions The incidence of hepatitis B in Zhangjiagang City is on the decline. The effectiveness of hepatitis B vaccination in those under 15 years of age is obvious. It is recommended to further strengthen prevention and control of hepatitis B in key population of 20- to 59-year-olds and carry out health education and vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine; strengthen medical personnel training and conduct comprehensive anti-HBcIgM1: 1000 antibody test to improve diagnosis and treatment.