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目的了解邹城市小学生接种乙肝疫苗情况及血清免疫效果。方法对来邹城市卫生防疫站门诊接种疫苗和预防检测的小学生进行问卷调查和采集静脉血,应用ELISA法检测乙肝五项指标。对抗-HBs阴性者进行5ug加强免疫1-3针,免疫后一至三个月进行抗-HBs检测。结果邹城市小学生出生后接种乙肝疫苗3支以上者占90.15%;HBsAg阳性率为2.16%;抗-HBc阳性率为21.72%;抗-HBs阳性率为54.98%。各年龄组HBsAg阳性-率、抗-HBc阳性率差异无显著性,抗-HBs阳性率随年龄增高有下降趋势差异有显著性。对786名小学生进行加强免疫,加免后总的抗体阳转率为87.89%,加强1针与多针抗体阳转率差异无显著性,乙肝疫苗接种率乡镇低于城区,HBsAg阳性率高于城区。结论邹城市小学生乙肝疫苗按程序接种率较高、免疫效果良好,乙肝疫苗可以有效的阻断乙肝传播,对抗-HBs阴性儿童只需加强接种乙肝疫苗5ug即可得到良好的免疫效果,同时加强农村疫苗接种工作的指导。
Objective To understand the situation of hepatitis B vaccine and serum immune effect of pupils in Zoucheng City. Methods Questionnaire and blood samples were collected from the outpatient vaccination and preventive testing in Zoucheng Health and Epidemic Prevention Station. Five indicators of hepatitis B were detected by ELISA. Anti-HBs negative by 5ug booster 1-3-pin immunization, one to three months after the anti-HBs test. Results In Zoucheng primary school students, more than 3 hepatitis B vaccines were born after birth, accounting for 90.15%; HBsAg positive rate was 2.16%; anti-HBc positive rate was 21.72%; anti-HBs positive rate was 54.98%. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of HBsAg between each age group and anti-HBc, and the positive rate of anti-HBs had a decreasing trend with age. 786 primary school students were boosted. The total positive rate of positive antibody was 87.89% after the immunization. There was no significant difference between the positive rate of 1-needle and multi-needle antibody. Hepatitis B vaccination rate was lower in towns than in urban areas. The positive rate of HBsAg was higher City. Conclusions Hepatitis B vaccine in Zoucheng city has a high vaccination rate according to the procedure and good immunization effect. Hepatitis B vaccine can effectively block the transmission of hepatitis B, and good immunization effect can be obtained only by strengthening vaccination of 5ug of hepatitis B vaccine against children with anti-HBs. Guidance for vaccination work.