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我们对１９９２年上高县钩体病暴发流行进行了调查。结果表明：此次暴发流行以稻田型为主，主要由七日热群钩体引起。血清学调查表明牛、猪存在感染，流行季节７—９月份，感染地点主要集中于稻田和池塘，发病人群以农民为主，年龄集中于１５～４５岁的青壮年。池塘水和稻田水平均ｐＨ为６．４～６．５，池塘中钩体分离率较高（５／６），７～８月份平均旬雨量为３１．２５～４５．７５ｍｍ，旬均温度为２７．５～２８．５℃，这些条件有利于钩体的生长和繁殖。采集县医院和泗溪乡医院临床确诊的钩体病人血液和牛、猪血液，并用ｄｏｔ—ＥＬＩＳＡ和ＭＡＴ试验对血清进行了检测，同时从病人血液、牛尿、池塘水、污水和河水中分离钩体，结果早期钩体病人血清ｄｏｔ—ＥＬＩＳＡ的阳性率（６４．６％）明显高于ＭＡＴ的阳性率（１４．１％），同时也高于血培养的阳性率（１５．２％）。人血液分离钩体的鉴定结果表明，感染以七日热群钩体为主（１５株），兼有爪哇群（６株）、澳洲群（２株）、流感伤寒群（３株）、明尼群（１株）和赛罗群（２株），从牛尿、池塘水，污水和河水中也分别分离出钩体。血清学实验结果显示ｄｏｔ—ＥＬＩＳＡ是一种快速、简单、特异、敏感的早期钩体病诊断方法和流行病学调查?
We investigated the prevalence of leptospirosis in Shanggong County in 1992. The results showed that the outbreak was dominated by paddy field and mainly caused by the hook on the 7th day. Serological surveys show that cattle and pigs are infected. In the epidemic season from July to September, the infection sites are mainly concentrated in paddy fields and ponds. The majority of the patients are peasants, with the majority of young adults aged 15 to 45 years old. Pond water and paddy fields had a mean pH value of 6.4-6.5, a higher rate of separation of leptospira from ponds (5/6), an average of ten days of rainfall from July to August of 31.25-45.75 mm, 27.5 ~ 28.5 ℃, these conditions are conducive to the growth and reproduction of the hook body. Collect clinically confirmed leptospira blood and bovine and porcine blood from County Hospital and Sixi Township Hospital and detect the serum using dot-ELISA and MAT assays while isolating the hook from the patient’s blood, cow urine, pond water, sewage and river water Results The positive rate of dot-ELISA in serum of early leptospirosis patients (64.6%) was significantly higher than that of MAT (14.1%) and higher than that of blood culture (15.2%). The results of identification of human leptospirosis showed that the infection was mainly on the seven-day fever group (15 strains), including Java (6), Australia (2), and influenza (3) Nigerian (1 strain) and Siro (2 strains) were also isolated from cow urine, pond water, sewage and river water respectively. Serological test results show that dot-ELISA is a rapid, simple, specific and sensitive method of early diagnosis of leptospirosis and epidemiological investigation?