作为西方文学史上的一种文学类型,乌托邦从来都具有一种经久不衰的魅力,而这一魅力正源于它对现实的批判性和重构性。20世纪是个混乱的时代,面对这种现实在东方和西方各有旗手站出来,进行呐喊和反抗。从批判和重构的角度看去,鲁迅和卡夫卡这两位各自代表自己文化圈内旗手的时代战士,竟有着同样的不满和憧憬。 As a literary genre in the history of Western literature, utopia has always had an enduring charm, which is due to its critique and reconstruction of reality. The twentieth century was a time of turmoil. In the face of this reality, the flag bearers of the East and the West came out and shouted and revolted. From the point of view of criticism and reconstruction, Lu Xun and Kafka, the two generation times fighters who represent their own cultural circles, have the same grievances and longings.