目的研究四川省小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌(Y.e)在常见宿主及患者中的分布特征。方法在不同季节采集不同地区腹泻患者或宿主动物进行常规分离鉴定。对分离菌株进行血清学和生物学分型,同时用PCR方法检测毒力基因。结果从1557份各类样品中分离出Y.e 47株,其中腹泻患者7株,宿主动物猪25株,青海田鼠10株,喜马拉雅旱獭5株;总分离率3.03%。血清型分布为O∶3血清型菌株27株,O∶9血清型2株,O∶5血清型6株,O∶8血清型2株,不能分型10株;毒力基因检测情况表明除青海田鼠分离的到4株O∶3血清型菌株外,其余O∶3、O∶9血清型菌株均具有致病性。结论四川省腹泻患者与常见宿主动物均存在小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌感染,感染率存在季节差异;首次证实在四川高原野生动物喜马拉雅旱獭中存在致病性Y.e,并证实宿主动物O∶3血清型中存在不产毒力基因的非致病性菌株。 Objective To study the distribution characteristics of Yersinia enterocolitica in common host and patients in Sichuan province. Methods In different seasons, diarrhea patients or host animals from different areas were collected for routine isolation and identification. The isolates were subjected to serological and biological typing and virulence genes were detected by PCR. Results A total of 47 strains of Y.e were isolated from 1557 samples, including 7 diarrhea patients, 25 host pigs, 10 green voles and 5 Himalayan Marmots. The overall isolation rate was 3.03%. Serotype distribution of O: 3 serogroup 27 strains, O: 9 serotypes 2, O: 5 serotypes 6, O: 8 serotypes 2, can not type 10 strains; virulence gene test shows that in addition to Qinghai vole isolated to 4 strains of O: 3 serotypes, the remaining O: 3, O: 9 serotype strains are pathogenic. Conclusions There is a seasonal difference in the infection rate of Yersinia enterocolitica between diarrhea patients and common host animals in Sichuan Province. It is confirmed for the first time that there is pathogenic Ye in the Himalayan marmot of Sichuan Plateau, and the host animal O: 3 There are non-pathogenic strains in the serotype that do not produce virulence genes.