将锆粉、B4C粉和铁粉预涂在Q235钢表面,利用氩弧熔覆技术成功制备出原位自生ZrC-ZrB2颗粒增强的铁基复合涂层,利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和能谱仪分析了熔覆层的显微组织,探讨了增强相ZrC-ZrB2的生长机制,并测试了熔覆层的硬度和室温干滑动磨损条件下的耐磨性能.结果表明,熔覆层由呈针状或棒状分布的ZrCZrB2复合体和块状或花瓣状的ZrC颗粒组成,增强相的微观形貌与其形核和周围环境密切相关,熔覆层与基体呈良好的冶金结合;熔覆层的维氏硬度可达1 200 MPa,耐磨性为基体的20倍. Zirconium powder, B4C powder and iron powder were precoated on the surface of Q235 steel. The in-situ ZrC-ZrB2 particles reinforced iron-based composite coating was successfully prepared by argon arc cladding. The microstructure of Q235 steel was characterized by SEM, XRD, The microstructure of the cladding layer was analyzed by SEM, and the growth mechanism of the ZrC-ZrB2 phase was discussed. The hardness of the cladding layer and the wear resistance under room temperature dry gliding wear were also measured. The results show that the cladding layer consists of ZrCZrB2 composite with acicular or rod-like distribution and massive or petal-shaped ZrC particles. The microstructure of the reinforced phase is closely related to the nucleation and the surrounding environment, and the cladding layer and the substrate exhibit good metallurgical bonding. The cladding layer Vickers hardness of up to 1 200 MPa, wear resistance of 20 times the matrix.