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据科学家预测全球的石油天然气能源将在2050年枯竭。在石油天然气能源即将枯竭的时候,科学家们把目光投向了比陆地面积大得多的海底,寻找海底能源成了科学家的当务之急。在对海底进了大量调查研究后发现,海底天然气水合物可以替代石油天然气,成为21世纪后半叶的新能源。天然气水合物(Gas hydrate)是天然气(主要是甲烷)和水分子组成的固体结晶物质。它赋存在低温高压条件下,主要出现于>300-500m水深的海底沉积物中和寒冷的高纬度地区(特别是永冻层地区),据估计陆地上20.7%和海底90%的地区具有形成天然气水合物有利条件。全世界天然气水合物中的甲烷碳达10~(16)kg或20×10~(15)m~3的甲烷气,较常规的天然气大2-3个数量级,可供全世界使用50年以上。所以各国科学家正在把目光转移到海底天然气水合物调查、研究和开发
According to scientists predict that the global oil and gas energy will be depleted in 2050. As the oil and gas energy is about to dry up, scientists are turning their attention to the seabed, which is much larger than the land area, and finding seafloor energy has become a top priority for scientists. After a large number of investigations into the seabed, it was discovered that the seabed gas hydrate can replace oil and gas as a new energy source in the second half of the 21st century. Gas hydrate is a solid crystalline material composed of natural gas (mainly methane) and water molecules. It occurs under the conditions of low temperature and high pressure, mainly in the seabed sediments> 300-500m water depth and in the cold high latitudes (especially in the permafrost region). It is estimated that 20.7% of the land and 90% of the seafloor are formed Gas hydrate favorable conditions. Methane gas in the world’s natural gas hydrate reaches 10 ~ (16) kg or 20 × 10 ~ (15) m ~ 3, which is 2-3 orders of magnitude larger than conventional natural gas and can be used worldwide for more than 50 years . Therefore, scientists from all over the world are shifting their attention to the investigation, research and development of seabed gas hydrate