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[目的]了解福建省公民健康素养状况及其影响因素,为制定政策提供科学依据。[方法]随机抽样法选择11个区县15～69岁4701常住居民进行问卷调查,用健康素养综合指标及分类指标评价。[结果]有效问卷回收率99.8%(4692/4701)。公众具备健康素养的总体水平5.5%,其中具备基本知识与理念、健康生活方式与行为和基本技能素养者分别占11.7%、6.2%和13.5%。不同性别、文化、年龄和地区的人群指标差异显著。从5类健康问题素养分析,具备科学健康观、传染病预防、慢性病预防、安全与急救及基本医疗素养的占比分别是29.1%、10.3%、4.0%、17.8%和5.7%。影响健康素养的主要因素是文化、年龄和城乡差异。[结论]福建省公众的健康素养水平较低,应有针对性地制定健康教育与促进策略,提高公众健康素养。
[Objective] To understand the health literacy status of citizens in Fujian Province and its influencing factors, and provide a scientific basis for formulating policies. [Methods] The random sample method was used to select 4701 permanent residents aged from 15 to 69 in 11 districts and counties to conduct questionnaire survey, and evaluated with the comprehensive index and index of health literacy. [Results] The effective questionnaire recovery rate was 99.8% (4692/4701). The general public has a 5.5% overall level of health literacy, with 11.7%, 6.2% and 13.5% of them having basic knowledge and philosophy, healthy lifestyles and behaviors, and basic literacy. There are significant differences in the indicators of people in different genders, cultures, ages and regions. From the Category 5 health literacy analysis, the proportions of having a scientific outlook on health, preventing infectious diseases, preventing chronic diseases, safety and first aid and basic medical literacy were 29.1%, 10.3%, 4.0%, 17.8% and 5.7% respectively. The main factors affecting health literacy are the differences in culture, age and urban-rural. [Conclusion] The level of health literacy in Fujian Province is relatively low. Health education and promotion strategies should be formulated to improve public health literacy.