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[目的]了解聊城市2009年麻疹血清学监测状况及流行病学特点,为如期实现2012年消除麻疹和完善麻疹免疫规划提供科学依据。[方法]采用抗体捕捉酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对聊城市2009年麻疹疑似病例检测麻疹IgM抗体。[结果]2009年聊城市累计报告麻疹疑似病例204例。麻疹IgM抗体阳性141例,阳性率为69.12%。不同年龄组间抗体阳性率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);第一季度阳性率最高(81.16%),第四季度最低(21.43%),各季度间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同县(市、区)间抗体阳性率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。抗体阳转与采集标本的发热天数相关,第0～3d为55.56%,4～7d为74.26%,8～14d为67.24%,≥15d为61.11%(P<0.05)。[结论]聊城市麻疹疑似病人麻疹IgM抗体阳性率较低;未免疫和不全程免疫是麻疹发病的主要原因,控制麻疹关键在于麻疹的免疫接种及疫情监测;提高实验室诊断率是及时控制麻疹局部暴发疫情的重要手段。
[Objective] To understand the surveillance status and epidemiological characteristics of measles in 2009 in Liaocheng City, and provide a scientific basis for eliminating measles and improving measles immunization schedule in 2012. [Method] Antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect measles IgM antibody in suspected cases of measles in 2009 in Liaocheng City. [Result] In 2009, 204 suspected cases of measles were reported in Liaocheng City. Measles IgM antibodies were positive in 141 cases, the positive rate was 69.12%. The positive rate of antibody in different age groups was statistically significant (P <0.01). The positive rate was the highest in the first quarter (81.16%) and the lowest in the fourth quarter (21.43%), with significant difference between the quarters (P < 0.01). The positive rates of antibody in different counties (cities, districts) were statistically significant (P <0.01). The positive rate of antibody positive correlated with the number of fever days of the collected samples. The days 0 to 3d were 55.56%, 4 ~ 7d was 74.26%, 8 ~ 14d was 67.24%, and 15d was 61.11% (P <0.05). [Conclusion] The positive rate of measles IgM antibody in the suspected measles patients in Liaocheng City is low. The unimmunized and incomplete immunizations are the main causes of measles. The key to control measles is measles immunization and epidemic situation monitoring. Improving the laboratory diagnostic rate is to control measles An important means of local outbreak.