“孝”是中华民族的传统美德，如何继承和发扬传统“孝道”是中国现代家庭文明建没必须要回答和解决的一大课题。本文通过对我国传统“孝道”的辩证分析，指出“孝”是一个优弊共存的“杂糅体”，既有其适应时代发展的合理性因素，又有其阻碍社会发展的局限性，在当今时代，人们应当树立一种崭新的“孝道”观念、“养亲”、“敬亲”、“谏亲”应是现代“孝”道的主要涵义和内容。 “Filial piety” is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation. How to inherit and carry forward the traditional “filial piety” is a major issue that China’s modern family civilization construction does not have to be answered and solved. Through the dialectical analysis of our country’s traditional “filial piety”, this paper points out that “filial piety” is a hybrid body with pros and cons existing. It not only has its rationality to adapt to the development of the times but also has its limitation to the social development. In the era, people should establish a brand new concept of “filial piety”. The main meaning and content of modern “filial piety” should be “raising one’s parents,” “respecting relatives,” and “advocating adultery.”