目的　探讨食管癌、贲门癌患者围术期外周血T淋巴细胞亚群、sIL - 2R、TNF - β改变的规律性、相关因素及临床意义。方法　应用SAP法、ELISA法及ABC -ELISA法分别检测 32例食管癌、2 2例贲门癌患者术前、术后 1、2、3周外周血T淋巴细胞亚群、sIL - 2R及TNF - β表达 ,并将所得结果与正常对照组作对比研究。 结果　与正常对照组比较 ,食管癌、贲门癌患者外周血CD3+、CD4+明显减少 ,而CD8+明显增加 ,CD4+/CD8+比值明显下降 (P <0 .0 1) ,sIL - 2R及TNF - β水平明显升高 (P <0 .0 1)。患者免疫功能损害程度与肿瘤TNM分期相关。手术创伤使机体免疫功能在术后短期内受到抑制。Ⅲ期手术探查组患者与同期手术根治组患者比较 ,sIL - 2R及TNF - β水平显著增加 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　食管癌、贲门癌患者存在细胞免疫功能紊乱 ,并与肿瘤的TNM分期相关。手术创伤可引起暂时性免疫抑制。动态检测食管癌、贲门癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群、sIL - 2R及TNF - β表达对评估患者的细胞免疫功能、判断肿瘤的病变程度及疗效等具有积极的临床意义 Objective To investigate the regularity, related factors and clinical significance of perioperative peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets, sIL - 2R and TNF - β in patients with esophageal and cardiac cancer. Methods The levels of T lymphocyte subsets, sIL - 2R and TNF - α in peripheral blood of 32 patients with esophageal cancer and 22 patients with cardiac cancer before and after operation were detected by SAP, ELISA and ABC - ELISA respectively. β expression, and the results were compared with the normal control group. Results Compared with the normal control group, the levels of CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 + and CD4 + / CD8 + in peripheral blood of patients with esophageal cancer and cardia cancer were significantly decreased (P <0.01) and sIL - 2R and TNF - Increased (P <0. 01). The extent of immune damage in patients with tumor TNM staging. Surgical trauma so that the body’s immune function is suppressed shortly after surgery. The levels of sIL - 2R and TNF - β in stage Ⅲ surgical exploration group were significantly higher than those in the same surgery group (P <0.01). Conclusion There are cellular immune dysfunction in patients with esophageal and cardiac cancer, which is related to the TNM stage of the tumor. Surgical trauma can cause temporary immunosuppression. Dynamic Detection of T Lymphocyte Subsets, sIL - 2R and TNF - β in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Esophageal and Cardiac Cancer It is of Significant Clinical Significance to Evaluate the Cellular Immune Function, Tumor Size and Efficacy