喉以下呼吸器官出血,经喉部咯出称为咯血。1.咯血首先要与呕血进行鉴别(1) 咯血前常有喉部作痒,血液随咳嗽而咯出,不伴恶心呕吐、血色鲜红或呈泡沫状,并常混有痰液,咯出血液呈碱性反应。咯血后数日内可有少量血痰。无黑便,常有心肺病史体征。(2) 呕血时血是呕出的,有恶心感,血呈酸性,色暗红,常混有食物残渣。呕血后常有黑便,有胃病或肝病史及症状和体征。2.呼吸道疾病 是引起咯血的最常见原因,其 Throat following respiratory bleeding, throat cough known as hemoptysis. 1. Hemoptysis must first be identified with hematemesis (1) throat hemoptysis often itch, the blood cough and spit out, not with nausea and vomiting, redness or foamy blood, and often mixed with sputum, spit out the blood Alkaline reaction. A few days after hemoptysis there may be a small amount of bloody sputum. No meconium, cardiopulmonary history often have signs. (2) blood vomit blood vomit, nausea, blood acidic, dark red, often mixed with food debris. Hematemesis often after melena, stomach or liver history and symptoms and signs. 2. Respiratory disease is the most common cause of hemoptysis, which