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山鹿素行批驳朱子学的性本论思想,但是并不抹杀“理”这一范畴,而否定的是理之超越性、形而上学的测面,并提倡径直主张向事物本身逼近。他以天地亦理气之相合,而妙用生生无穷,是天地已有气质来,其间人亦理气相合,其妙用名为性,则不可混天地之性。然而素行思想之重要特点,对人的诸情欲是宽容的对待其思想,对后世思想界影响巨大,尤其是由此而产生了日本独特文化特色之一———近世“武士道”文化。
Instead of oblivious to the category of “reasoning”, the author denounces the transcendence of metaphysics and metaphysics, and advocates straightforward approaches to things themselves. His heaven and earth also Qi Qi coincide, and magical effect of life and death, is the temperament of heaven and earth have been, in the meantime also Qi coincide, its magic known as sex, you can not be mixed nature. However, the important characteristic of the thought of the prosperous one is that it treats the thoughts of human beings passionately and has a great influence on the later world of thought. Especially, one of the unique cultural characteristics of Japan --- the modern “the bushido ” culture.