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目的分析广西甲型H1N1流感的流行病学和临床特点,为更好的防控甲型H1N1流感提供科学依据。方法收集2009年8月至2010年1月在广西8家医院住院的122例甲型H1N1流感患者资料,并回顾性分析其流行病学、临床特点及实验室检查资料。结果甲型H1N1流感爆发,在2009年11月、12月达到高峰,男女比例为1.5∶1,年龄分布主要以10～25岁青少年为主,占全部病例的86.9%,平均年龄(18.2±9.6)岁,职业以学生为主(86.9%),汉族与壮族人口比为1.03∶1;主要临床表现为发热、咳嗽、胸痛,无特异性。外周血白细胞正常或降低(91.0%),血钾偏低(13.5%),影像学检查以肺部炎症改变为主;70例(57.4%)患者行抗病毒治疗,120例患者康复出院,2例患者死亡。结论广西甲型H1N1流感的发病高峰在冬季,发病年龄分布在青少年,以学生多见;临床表现无明显特征;外周血白细胞正常或下降;影像学以肺部炎症改变为主;病例多为轻症,而重症病例有较高病死率。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and clinical features of Influenza A (H1N1) in Guangxi and provide a scientific basis for better prevention and control of Influenza A (H1N1). Methods A total of 122 patients with influenza A (H1N1) inpatients admitted to eight hospitals in Guangxi from August 2009 to January 2010 were collected. The epidemiology, clinical features and laboratory tests were retrospectively analyzed. Results Influenza A (H1N1) outbreak peaked in November and December 2009 with a male-female ratio of 1.5: 1. The age distribution mainly consisted of adolescents aged 10 to 25 years, accounting for 86.9% of all cases and mean age (18.2 ± 9.6) ) Years old, occupations mainly of students (86.9%), Han and Zhuang population ratio of 1.03: 1; the main clinical manifestations of fever, cough, chest pain, non-specific. Peripheral blood leukocytes were normal or decreased (91.0%), serum potassium was low (13.5%), and imaging findings were mainly pulmonary inflammatory changes. Seventy patients (57.4%) underwent antiviral therapy and 120 patients were discharged from hospital The patient died. Conclusions The peak incidence of influenza A (H1N1) in Guangxi is in winter, and the age of onset is distributed in adolescents and is more common in students. There is no obvious clinical manifestations. The peripheral blood leukocytes are normal or declining. The imaging is dominated by inflammatory changes in the lungs. Symptoms, and severe cases have a higher case fatality rate.