目的探讨性传播感染的人类免疫缺陷病毒(感染者)/艾滋病(患者)(HIV/AIDS)抗病毒治疗CD4+T淋巴细胞计数和HIV载量变化。方法选取2012年1月—2015年1月凉山彝族自治州第一人民医院就诊的通过性传播途径感染HIV/AIDS 160例,分别使用流式细胞仪和依赖核酸序列的扩增技术(NASBA)方法检测抗病毒治疗前及6个月后CD4+T淋巴细胞计数和病毒载量。结果 1治疗前患者CD4+T淋巴细胞计数为(262.7±21.8)个/μl,治疗后为(316.4±208.9)个/μl,治疗前患者病毒载量为(4.55±0.91)log/ml,治疗后病毒载量为(1.48±0.47)log/ml,治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);2不同性别、年龄分组研究对象CD4+T淋巴细胞计数和病毒载量治疗前后均有不同;3CD4+T淋巴细胞计数与病毒载量之间呈显著负相关(r=-0.486,P<0.01)。结论性传播感染HIV/AIDS抗病毒治疗后CD4+T淋巴细胞计数上升,病毒载量下降,应结合指标变化制定合理方案开展抗病毒治疗。 Objective To investigate the changes of CD4 + T lymphocyte count and HIV load in HIV-infected patients with HIV / AIDS virus infection. Methods One hundred and sixty-six HIV / AIDS patients who were infected by HIV / AIDS at the First People’s Hospital of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture from January 2012 to January 2015 were detected by flow cytometry and nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) CD4 + T lymphocyte counts and viral load before and 6 months after antivirus treatment. Results Before treatment, CD4 + T lymphocyte counts were (262.7 ± 21.8) / μl, (316.4 ± 208.9) / μl after treatment and (4.55 ± 0.91) log / ml before treatment, (1.48 ± 0.47) log / ml, the difference was statistically significant before and after treatment (P <0.01) .2 The CD4 + T lymphocyte count and viral load in different gender and age groups were different before and after treatment There was a significant negative correlation between 3CD4 + T lymphocyte count and viral load (r = -0.486, P <0.01). Conclusions The CD4 + T lymphocyte count increased and the viral load decreased after the HIV / AIDS anti-virus therapy of sexually transmitted infections. A reasonable plan should be made to carry out antiviral therapy in response to the change of the index.