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目的 进一步提高上海宝山区外来儿童免疫预防管理工作。方法 采用分层抽样方法对本区外来流动儿童免疫接种现状及其影响因素进行流行病学调查。结果 不论是“四苗”基础免疫、加强免疫还是乙肝疫苗全程免疫,该区外来儿童疫苗接种率、及时率都远远低于本地儿童。外来儿童“四苗”全程接种率的高低与外来儿童性别、家庭收入、父母亲的职业、年龄及文化程度等内容无关,但与居住时间有关,父母亲在当地居住时间0.5a以上的儿童“四苗”全程接种率明显高于居住0.5a以下者、居住该区时间在1a以上的儿童“四苗”全程接种率明显高于居住1a以下者。结论 区外来儿童免疫接种状况不佳,尤其对于流动频繁的外来儿童,还无有效管理手段。提醒该区借鉴其他省市的经验,结合当地实际情况,探索当地外来儿童免疫预防工作管理方法,促进预防接种工作的开展。
Objective To further improve the immunization prevention and management of foreign children in Baoshan District, Shanghai. Methods The stratified sampling method was used to carry out epidemiological investigation on the status quo and influencing factors of immunization among migrating children in this area. Results Regardless of “four vaccine” basic immunization, booster immunization or full immunization of hepatitis B vaccine, the vaccination rate and timely rate of foreign children in this area are far lower than that of local children. The coverage rate of foreign children’s “four seedlings” has nothing to do with the foreign children’s gender, family income, parents’ occupation, age and educational level. However, the children whose parents live longer than 0.5 years in the local area have “ Four seedlings ”throughout the vaccination rate was significantly higher than living below 0.5a, living in the area for more than 1a children“ four seedlings ”throughout the vaccination rate was significantly higher than those living below 1a. Conclusion The status of immunization among children outside the district is not good, especially for migrant children with frequent movement, and no effective management measures. The district is reminded to learn from the experience of other provinces and municipalities and to explore the management methods of immunization prevention for local foreign children according to the local conditions so as to promote the vaccination work.