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[目的]研究噪声对作业工人心率变异性(heart rate variability,HRV)的影响。[方法]选取某公司动力车间单纯接触噪声的作业人员96人为噪声接触组,同时选取同一单位不接触噪声的工作人员95人为对照组,两组均进行24 h动态心电图检查,测量或计算24 h平均心率(HR)和HRV时域指标24 h全部窦性RR间期的标准差(SDNN)、24 h内全部窦性RR间期差值的均方根(RMSSD)、24 h内相邻两个正常窦性RR间期差值大于50 ms的个数所占的百分数(PNN50),及频谱指标高频功率(HF)、低频功率(LF)、极低频功率(VLF),比较接触组与对照组各指标的差异,并分析接触组HRV各指标与工龄、年龄、性别、HR的相关性。[结果]接触组SDNN、PNN50、LF、VLF低于对照组,HR高于对照组(P<0.05);接触组中SDNN、PNN50、LF、VLF与工龄及HR呈负相关(r=-0.582~-0.283,P<0.05),与性别无相关性(P>0.05),SDNN、PNN50、LF与年龄呈负相关(r=-0.233~-0.211,P<0.05)。[结论]噪声作业工人心率变异性降低,提示长期的噪声接触可引起作业工人自主神经功能紊乱。
[Objective] To study the effect of noise on heart rate variability (HRV) in workers. [Method] A total of 96 man-made noise exposure groups were selected for the noise-exposed workers in a power plant of a certain company. Ninety-five workers who did not touch the noise in the same unit were selected as the control group. Both groups underwent 24-hour Holter monitoring and measurement or 24 h Mean standard deviation (SDNN) of mean sinus rhythm (HR) and HRV time domain indices of all sinus RR intervals at 24 h, root mean square (RMSSD) of all sinus RR interval differences within 24 h, (PNN50), the frequency of high frequency power (HF), low frequency power (LF) and very low frequency power (VLF) of normal sinus RR interval more than 50 ms, Control group, and analyzed the correlation between each index of HRV and length of service, age, gender and HR in the contact group. [Results] The SDNN, PNN50, LF and VLF in the exposure group were lower than those in the control group, HR was higher than that in the control group (P <0.05); SDNN, PNN50, LF and VLF in the exposure group were negatively correlated with the length of service and HR (r = -0.582 -0.283, P <0.05). There was no correlation with gender (P> 0.05). SDNN, PNN50 and LF were negatively correlated with age (r = -0.233-0.211, P <0.05). [Conclusion] The heart rate variability of noise workers is reduced, suggesting long-term noise exposure may cause autonomic dysfunction of workers.