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目的通过调查健康人群以及乙脑动物宿主猪乙脑抗体水平变化,为有效预防乙脑提供科学依据。方法采用纵横结合研究,在观察点饲养未经历乙脑流行期的仔猪12头,按旬对每只猪采集血清,每份血液采集4ml,应用间接法ELISA检测乙脑抗体;在观察点所在村,按整群抽样的方法,在乙脑流行季节前后(4月、11月)对调查点健康人群各采血1次,应用间接法ELISA检测乙脑抗体。结果共采集猪血清标本221份,乙脑抗体阳性150份,抗体阳性率为67.87%。在乙脑流行季节前后分别采集健康人群血清标本300份、294份,乙脑抗体阳性率分别为39.33%、42.86%。结论幼猪出生后无免疫力,受蚊子叮咬后几乎100%受感染,病毒血症期长,是乙脑的主要传染源;健康人群在乙脑流行季节后乙脑抗体阳性率有所升高,但总体乙脑抗体阳性率较低,要警惕乙脑流行。建议提高乙脑疫苗免疫接种率;对猪只进行乙脑免疫;避免人猪间乙脑的相互传播。
Objective To investigate the level of antibody against porcine encephalitis in healthy population and animal host of Japanese encephalitis, and to provide a scientific basis for the effective prevention of Japanese encephalitis. Methods 12 pairs of piglets without JE prevalence were collected at the observation point. Serum was collected from each pig at the end of the experiment. Four ml of each blood was harvested. The antibody against JE was detected by indirect ELISA. In the village where the observation point was located, According to the method of cluster sampling, blood samples were collected from healthy people in the survey sites before and after the epidemic of JE (April and November) respectively. The antibody against JE was detected by indirect ELISA. Results A total of 221 serum samples were collected from pigs, and 150 were positive for JE antibody. The positive rate of antibody was 67.87%. Before and after the epidemic of Japanese encephalitis, 300 serum samples were collected from 292 healthy people, respectively. The positive rates of JE antibody were 39.33% and 42.86% respectively. Conclusion The piglets were born without immunity, almost 100% infected by mosquito bites and long viremia, which was the main source of JE infection. The positive rate of JE antibody in healthy population after JE epidemic season increased , But the overall positive rate of Japanese encephalitis antibody is low, to guard against the prevalence of Japanese encephalitis. Proposed to raise the rate of JE vaccine; Immunization of pigs to JE; Avoid the spread of JE among human pigs.