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目的了解合肥市瑶海区手足口病的流行病学特征,为进一步制定手足口病(HFMD)防治策略及健康教育提供科学依据。方法收集2013至2015年合肥市瑶海区手足口病监测资料,并运用描述性研究对收集到的数据进行三间分布描述。结果合肥市瑶海区2013-2015年共发生手足口病2 751例,年平均报告发病率199.80/10万,无重症病例,无死亡病例。发病高峰集中在4~6月;次高峰为11月。0-5岁人群报告病例数为2553例,5岁以上人群报告病例数为198例,0-5岁人群年平均报告发病率为1 462.22/10万,5岁以上人群年平均报告发病率为16.47/10万,报告病例以0-5岁的幼托儿童及散居儿童为主(χ2=162663.84,P<0.001)。男性发病人数为1 640例,女性发病人数为1 111例,故男女比例为1.48:1,男性年平均报告发病率为232.93/10万,女性年平均报告发病率为165.13/10万,男性发病率高于女性(χ2=79.157,P<0.001)。结论合肥市瑶海区2013-2015年手足口病流行存在明显的季节、人群特征,5岁以下幼托和散居儿童是手足口病防控的重点人群。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Yaohai District, Hefei City, and to provide scientific basis for further prevention and control strategies and health education of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD). METHODS: Hand-foot-mouth disease surveillance data were collected from Yaohai district in Hefei City from 2013 to 2015. Descriptive studies were used to describe the collected data for three distributions. Results A total of 2 751 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in Yaohai District, Hefei from 2013 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 199.80 / 100,000. There were no severe cases and no deaths. The peak incidence concentrated in 4 to 6 months; the next peak in November. The number of reported cases of 0-5-year-olds was 2553 cases, the number of reported cases over the age of 5 was 198 cases, the average annual incidence of 0-5-year-olds was 1 462.22 / 100000, the average annual reported incidence of over-5-year-old population was 16.47 / 100000. The reported cases were mainly children aged 0-5 and preschool children (χ2 = 162663.84, P <0.001). The number of males was 1 640 and the incidence of females was 1 111. Therefore, the ratio of males to females was 1.48: 1. The average annual incidence of males was 232.93 / lakh. The annual average incidence of females was 165.13 / lakh. The incidence of males Rate was higher in women (χ2 = 79.157, P <0.001). Conclusion There are obvious seasonal and crowd characteristics of HFMD epidemics in Yaohai District of Hefei City from 2013 to 2015. The children under 5 years of age and the scattered children are the key population of hand-foot-mouth disease prevention and control.