目的　分析低体重出生儿围手术期的病因、并发症及影响预后的因素。方法　 1991～2 0 0 0年间对 40例低体重出生儿进行手术 ,以消化道疾病占绝大多数 (95 .0 % )。大多为胃壁修补术、食道闭锁根治术、肠切除肠吻合术等。结果　共死亡 9例 (2 2 .5 % )。常见术后并发症为败血症并发感染性休克 (12例 )。 1991～ 1995年间死亡 6例 (33.3% ) ,1996～ 2 0 0 0年死亡 3例 (13.6 % ) ,差异有显著性意义。出生体重越低 ,病死率越高。未成熟儿病死率 2 8.6 % ;足月小样儿为 8.3% (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　低体重出生儿常见外科疾病为消化道畸形 ,术后并发症以感染多见。预后及病死率与出生体重、胎儿成熟度有关 Objective To analyze the causes, complications and the prognostic factors of perioperative period of low birth weight infants. Methods From 1991 to 2000, 40 infants with low birth weight were operated on, with the majority of gastrointestinal diseases (95.0%). Mostly for the repair of the stomach wall, radical mastectomy, intestinal resection of intestinal anastomosis. Nine patients died (22.5%). Common postoperative complications are sepsis complicated by septic shock (12 cases). There were 6 deaths (33.3%) between 1991 and 1995 and 3 deaths (13.6%) between 1996 and 2000. The difference was significant. The lower the birth weight, the higher the case fatality rate. The immature child mortality rate was 8.66%, and the full-term infant was 8.3% (P <0.05). Conclusions The common surgical diseases of low birth weight babies are digestive tract malformations, and postoperative complications are common. Prognosis and mortality and birth weight, fetal maturity