本文论述传统文论有无“当代化”的可能及怎样“当代化”。传统文论具有以下特质 :一是整体性 ,从其表现形式的理论、评论、创作三位一体与思维方式上可以看出 ;二是其范畴的意义有开放的一面 ;三是古代文论家以对经典著作实施创造性解读来实现其自身超越 ;四是其理路是强调与现实的结合 ,上述四方面可说明传统文论具备了实现“当代化”的可能。“五四”以来传统文论在隔断中又有延续的现实给了我们实现传统文论“当代化”的自信。如何实现传统文论“当代化” ,一是发挥传统文论开放性与现实性的特点 ;二是坚持与生活实践对话 ;三是实现与西方文论的对话 This article discusses the possibility of “modernization” of traditional literary theory and how to “modernize” it. The traditional literary theory has the following characteristics: First, the integrity can be seen from the trinity and mode of thinking of its manifestations, commentary, and writing; second, the meaning of its category has an open aspect; thirdly, The classical works embody creative interpretations to achieve their own transcendence. Fourth, their rationale is to emphasize the combination with the reality. The above four aspects can demonstrate that the traditional literary theory possesses the possibility of realizing “modernization.” The fact that traditional literary theory has continued in isolation since the May 4th Movement has given us confidence to “modernize” the traditional literary theory. How to Realize “Modernization” of Traditional Literary Theory? One is to give play to the openness and reality of traditional literary theory; the other is to insist on dialogue with life practice; the third is to realize dialogue with western literary theory