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顾客需求的两大特征——有界性和不确定性是影响软件厂商多阶段设计与定价决策的重要因素.本文在一个两阶段框架内,基于需求有界性,构建了考虑到顾客需求上、下限的分段支付意愿函数,并引入参数“顾客对质量降低的不容忍程度”描述需求上、下限的线性关系.另外,构建了以需求不确定性为参数的口碑效应函数,该口碑效应会影响第二阶段的支付意愿.使用小生境稳态遗传算法优化产品质量和定价,并对需求不确定性和顾客对质量降低的不容忍程度做敏感性分析,研究需求的两个特征对软件厂商最优决策的影响.数值实验还表明,若要加强口碑效应,软件厂商则不应将产品划分为不同版本.本文为软件厂商在顾客需求存在约束且难以把握时的多阶段决策提供了支持.
Two major characteristics of customer demand - boundedness and uncertainty are the important factors that affect the multi-stage design and pricing decision-making of software vendors.In this paper, a two-stage framework, based on the demand of boundedness, constructed to take into account customer needs , The lower limit of the segmentation willingness to pay function, and the introduction of the parameter “customer to the degree of intolerance of quality reduction ” describes the linear relationship between the upper and lower demand.In addition, construct the word of mouth effect function with the demand uncertainty as the parameter, The word-of-mouth effect affects the willingness to pay for the second phase.Using niche-stationary genetic algorithms to optimize product quality and pricing, and sensitivity analysis of demand uncertainty and customer intolerance to reduce the quality of the two characteristics of the study needs On the optimal decision-making of software manufacturers.Numerical experiments also show that, to enhance the word-of-mouth effect, software vendors should not be divided into different versions of the product.This article for the software vendors in the presence of customer needs constraints and difficult to grasp the multi-stage decision-making Support.