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为了掌握河北省麻疹的流行病学特点 ,对 2 0 0 1年麻疹监测系统运转情况进行了分析。全年共报告麻疹疑似病例 6 95例 ,临床诊断 73例 ,实验室确诊 2 76例 ,实验室排除 346例。根据分析结果 ,2 0 0 1年河北省麻疹的流行病学特征是 :春季高发 ;学龄前儿童和小学生为重点发病对象 ;18 6 %的报告病例无免疫史 ,4 7 9%免疫史不详。针对病例的地域和年龄分布 ,提出在 2 0 0 2年对重点地区和人群开展麻疹疫苗的后续强化免疫。分析相关年龄麻疹病例的免疫史 ,说明常规免疫工作存在一些问题 ,要着重提高麻疹疫苗接种的及时性和接种质量。一些监测指标 ,如报告及时率、病例调查率、标本采集率等有待提高。
In order to grasp the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Hebei Province, the operation of measles monitoring system in 2001 was analyzed. A total of 695 suspected cases of measles were reported during the year, with 73 cases diagnosed clinically, 2 76 laboratory confirmed cases and 346 laboratory excluded cases. According to the results of the analysis, the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Hebei Province in 2001 are: high incidence in spring; preschool children and primary school students are the key targets; 18.6% of the reported cases have no history of immunization; and 479% of them have no history of immunization. In view of the geographical and age distribution of cases, a follow-up booster immunization against measles vaccine in key areas and populations was proposed in 2002. Analysis of immunization history of measles cases of related age, indicating that there are some problems in routine immunization work, we should focus on improving measles vaccination timely and vaccination quality. Some monitoring indicators, such as timely reporting rate, case investigation rate, specimen collection rate to be improved.