中国位于欧亚大陆东部,幅员辽阔,地形、气候复杂。大部分地区属于季风气候区,降雨量在时空上上分布不均,年际、年内差异较大;东南沿海地区还受热带气旋的影响。地势西高东低,西部地区大都为高原、丘陵,东部地区多为平原且位于江河洪水位以下。复杂的气候、地理和地形条件以及众多的人口,使中国洪涝灾害频繁。洪水历来是中华民族的心腹之患。 China is located in the eastern Eurasia, vast territory, topography, climate complexity. Most of the areas belong to the monsoon climate zone, and the rainfall is unevenly distributed on the time and space, with significant differences between years and years. The southeastern coastal areas are also affected by the tropical cyclones. The terrain is high in the west and low in the east. Most of the western region is plateau and hills, and the eastern region is mostly plains and below the river flood level. Complex climate, geography and topography and a large population make floods and disasters in China frequent. The floods have always been a confidant of the Chinese nation.