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目的:此研究主要目的是调查西藏海拔4 000米以上地区藏族居民成年人高血压的患病率、治疗率及控制率。方法:本研究选择西藏当雄县平均海拔4 300m的34个生产组,纳入所有18岁以上居民,通过入户调查测量血压,登记有关信息及高血压治疗情况。使用电子血压计测量血压。高血压定义为动脉收缩压≥140mm Hg(1mm Hg=0.133k Pa),舒张压≥90mm Hg,患者既往有高血压史,目前正在用抗高血压药,血压虽然低于140/90mm Hg,亦应诊断为高血压。结果:本研究共纳入658户牧民,1 565人。基线平均年龄(44.3±16.3)岁,男性占44.7%。平均收缩压为(131.7±24.6)mm Hg;平均舒张压为(81.7±15.4)mm Hg。高血压患病率为37.4%。在高血压患者中,高血压2级者占7.7%,高血压3级者占8.6%。高血压治疗率33.3%、控制率11.3%。结论:根据我们对西藏当雄县18岁以上的居民研究发现,西藏地区高血压患病率高,且高血压治疗率、控制率均低。
Objective: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension among Tibetan residents in Tibet at an altitude of 4,000 meters above sea level. Methods: In this study, 34 production groups with an average elevation of 4 300 m in Dangxiong County of Tibet were enrolled in all residents over 18 years of age. Blood pressure was measured through in-home surveys, and relevant information and hypertension treatment were registered. Blood pressure was measured using an electronic sphygmomanometer. Hypertension was defined as arterial systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) and diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg. The patient had previous history of hypertension and is currently using antihypertensive drugs. Although blood pressure is below 140/90 mm Hg Should be diagnosed as high blood pressure. Results: A total of 658 herdsmen and 1 565 people were included in this study. The mean baseline age was (44.3 ± 16.3) years old, with 44.7% of men. Mean systolic blood pressure was (131.7 ± 24.6) mm Hg and mean diastolic blood pressure was (81.7 ± 15.4) mm Hg. The prevalence of hypertension was 37.4%. Among hypertensive patients, grade 2 hypertension accounted for 7.7% and grade 3 hypertension accounted for 8.6%. Hypertension treatment rate of 33.3%, control rate of 11.3%. Conclusion: According to our study on residents over 18 years old in Damxung County in Tibet, it is found that the prevalence of hypertension in Tibet is high, and the rates of hypertension treatment and control are low.