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目的评价以社区为基础的高血压综合防治措施效果。方法对塘汇乡张字圩村进行综合干预,同时将南湖乡梁林桥村作为对照社区。采取集中调查和调查员分组入户相结合的方法,对调查对象进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查。结果干预前干预组平均收缩压(130.4 mmHg)和平均舒张压(78.2 mmHg)均显著高于对照组(123.7 mmHg,74.7 mmHg),干预后干预组两值(133.4 mmHg、80.0 mmHg)均显著低于对照组(136.0 mmHg,82.2 mmHg)。干预组吸烟率下降幅度(9.93%)大于对照组(7.52%)。干预组饮酒率干预后显著低于干预前(χ2=10.42,P<0.005),对照组前后差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.14,P>0.1)。干预组接受卫生干预后宣教率(57.46%)显著高于干预前(31.04%);对照组(40.08%,35.87%)反而有所下降。两组超重率均显著上升。干预组高血压知晓率、服药率及控制率均显著升高。从干预期间冠心病急性事件、脑卒中的发病及死亡数据看,干预组(发病92例、死亡45例)均比对照组(发病183例、死亡127例)少。结论经过干预,可以降低吸烟率和饮酒率、提高接受卫生宣教率,但控制体质量、降血脂和血糖效果不理想,社区综合防治可以有效控制人群血压上升速度,提高高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率,降低病人的血压水平,减少并发症的发生。
Objective To evaluate the effect of community-based comprehensive prevention and treatment of hypertension. Methods Zhangxuwei Village Tongxiang Township comprehensive intervention, at the same time South Lake Liang Liang Qiaocun as a control community. To take a centralized investigation and investigators group home combination of methods, the survey questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory tests. Results The average systolic blood pressure (130.4 mmHg) and mean diastolic blood pressure (78.2 mmHg) of the intervention group before intervention were significantly higher than those of the control group (123.7 mmHg, 74.7 mmHg). The two values (133.4 mmHg, 80.0 mmHg) In the control group (136.0 mmHg, 82.2 mmHg). The smoking rate in the intervention group decreased by 9.93% than that in the control group (7.52%). The alcohol consumption in the intervention group was significantly lower than that before the intervention (χ2 = 10.42, P <0.005), but there was no significant difference in the control group before and after the intervention (χ2 = 1.14, P> 0.1). The education rate (57.46%) in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the intervention group (31.04%) after receiving the intervention; but the control group (40.08%, 35.87%) was decreased. Overweight rates were significantly increased in both groups. The intervention group of hypertension awareness rate, medication rate and control rate were significantly increased. From the data of acute coronary events, incidence of stroke and death during the intervention period, there were fewer intervention groups (92 cases and 45 deaths) than the control group (183 cases and 127 deaths). Conclusions After intervention, smoking and drinking rates can be reduced and health education rate can be improved. However, the control of body weight, blood lipid and blood glucose are not satisfactory. Integrated community control can effectively control the rate of blood pressure increase and raise the awareness rate of hypertension. Rate and control rate, reduce the patient’s blood pressure level and reduce the incidence of complications.