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内质网广泛存在于真核细胞中,是蛋白质折叠、组装以及细胞内钙离子储存的场所,各种原因导致的未折叠蛋白或错误折叠蛋白在内质网腔内积聚或细胞内钙稳态失衡,都会引起内质网应激。细胞为了适应内质网应激的发生,在进化过程中形成了高度保守的自我保护的信号转导通路,称为未折叠蛋白反应。内质网应激和未折叠蛋白反应与许多疾病的发生都有关系,如糖尿病、缺氧条件下的肿瘤、神经退行性疾病和脑缺血等。本文主要介绍了内质网应激和未折叠蛋白反应在肿瘤发生中的作用,为肿瘤治疗提供了新的方向。
Endoplasmic reticulum is widely distributed in eukaryotic cells and is the site of protein folding, assembly and intracellular calcium storage. Unfolded proteins or misfolded proteins accumulate in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum, or the intracellular calcium homeostasis Imbalance, will cause endoplasmic reticulum stress. Cells in order to adapt to the occurrence of endoplasmic reticulum stress, the evolutionary process of the formation of a highly conservative self-protection signal transduction pathway, called unfolded protein response. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response and the occurrence of many diseases are related, such as diabetes, hypoxia conditions of the tumor, neurodegenerative diseases and cerebral ischemia. This article describes the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein responses in tumorigenesis, providing a new direction for cancer treatment.