始建于14世纪的佛罗伦萨圣母百花大教堂被誉为文艺复兴时期欧洲最具创新性的划时代之作,其中大教堂的穹顶部分最为人称颂。作为拥有最大砖砌穹顶的教堂,圣母百花大教堂的“穹顶工程”自动工之日起就面对诸多工程与组织管理的问题。“穹顶工程”主要负责人布鲁内莱斯基(Brunelleschi)通过对罗马建筑万神殿等的研究,吸收并改良了众多古代的营造技术与管理经验,确保了在当时饱受争议的“穹顶工程”顺利进行并如期完成。笔者拟通过叙述这一工程项目中所需面对的诸多难题与布鲁内莱斯基的解决之道,阐明建筑工程的复杂性与借助传统经验的必要性。 Founded in the 14th century, the Basilica of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence is regarded as one of Europe’s most innovative landmark buildings in the Renaissance, in which the dome of the cathedral is most admired. As the church with the largest brick dome, the “Dome Project” of the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore has faced many engineering and organizational problems since its inception. Brunelleschi, the chief architect of “Dome Project”, absorbed and improved many ancient techniques and management experiences through the research on the Pantheon of Rome, to ensure that the controversial “Dome Project” went smoothly and completed on schedule. The author intends to clarify the complexity of construction projects and the necessity of using traditional experience by describing the many problems that need to be faced in this project and the solution of Brunelleschi.