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目前,生产上应用的粳稻不育系细胞质遗传背景单一,开发新质源不育系显得尤为重要。花粉败育特点、不育的稳定性以及潜在的强杂种优势是不育系利用的前提条件。在不同温度条件下,调查了14份新质源不育系的花粉败育特点、育性稳定性和杂种优势。结果表明:9份不育系花粉的败育为典败和圆败,败育较彻底,但不能被滇一型或BT型恢复系恢复。另外5份不育系以染败为主均能被滇一型或BT型恢复系恢复,由南34、明恢63和NJ70507提供细胞质的3份不育系败育彻底,然而由D-7提供细胞质的2份不育系在高温下出现极少量的可育花粉。各杂交组合在同一性状上或同一杂交组合在不同性状上表现出的杂种优势有明显的差异。
At present, the genetic background of cytoplasm of japonica CMS lines used in production is single and it is very important to develop new CMS lines. Pollen abortion characteristics, sterility stability and potential heterosis are prerequisites for the use of CMS. Under different temperature conditions, the pollen abortion characteristics, fertility stability and heterosis of 14 new CMS lines were investigated. The results showed that the abortion of pollen in 9 male sterile lines was typical and round failure, abortion was more complete, but could not be restored by Dian type or BT type restorer. The other five CMS lines were mainly dyed by Dian-type or BT-type restorer lines. Three CMS lines, which were cytoplasm-derived from Nan34, Minghui63 and NJ70507, Two cytoplasmic male sterile lines showed very little fertile pollen at high temperature. The hybrids showed significant differences in heterosis in the same trait or in the same trait in different traits.